Gongbu attire, also known as “rdong-chas,” holds a distinct charm and is recognized as a national-level intangible cultural heritage. Regardless of the season, the people of Linzhi adorn themselves with a peculiar garment called “mgo-shubs,” characterized by its collarless, sleeveless design. Complementing this attire are the “gong xia” felt hats resembling soldiers’ caps and “ga luo” boots with leather soles. The “mgo-shubs” garments are predominantly crafted from black or brown felt, while some are made from sheepskin or animal hide.
Among these, the finest “mgo-shubs” garments are stitched using the high-quality hide of a Himalayan yak called “jia guo na.” These attires are beneficial for tasks like chopping wood, hunting, and providing protection against rain and wild animals. During festivals, the “mgo-shubs” worn by the people of Linzhi are embellished with silver satin trimmings, gold silk patterns around the neckline and waist, and silver decorations on the belts, showcasing exquisite craftsmanship.
On the other hand, women’s “mgo-shubs” garments are even more intricately adorned, featuring gold-threaded floral borders or one-inch-wide otter fur trimmings. Underneath, they wear monkey fur “mgo-shubs.” Additionally, they layer with satin robes in shades of sapphire blue or crimson red. Completing their attire is the boat-shaped “gongbu” hat with golden edges, with the brim forming a swallowtail shape. The way they wear the hat holds significance; if the hat’s corner points to the right, it symbolizes being unmarried, while pointing to the left indicates being married.
Legend of Gongbu Attire:
The “mgo-shubs” garment has been prevalent in the Gongbu region for over 700 years, remaining unchallenged by other clothing styles. Legend has it that the “mgo-shubs” was designed as a special attire for the Gongbu king after his demise. Over 700 years ago, the Gongbu region was a Tibetan tribe ruled by King Gyalpo, known for his bravery and wisdom, leading to the prosperity of his tribe, earning immense respect from his people.
One year, the tribe faced invasion from external enemies. In defense of their tribe’s honor and the well-being of their people, King Gyalpo led the Gongbu warriors into battle. Despite their valor, they were outnumbered, and most warriors perished on the battlefield, with the king himself captured, his arms severed, and his body abandoned in the wilderness.
Upon learning of his fate, the Gongbu people were devastated. In remembrance of their great king, several elderly women crafted a sleeveless garment for his maimed body. To honor the memory of the revered Gongbu king, the people of Gongbu adopted this sacrificial attire, naming it “mgo-shubs” (Gongbu attire), a tradition that continues to this day.
Visitor Tips:
- Baying Gongbu Attire: Recognized as the second batch of national-level intangible cultural heritage.
- Linzhi’s Cultural Heritage: Linzhi boasts a total of 63 representative projects of intangible cultural heritage. Among these, three have been included in the national-level intangible cultural heritage protection list, namely Linzhi Gongbu Attire, Milin Luoba Ethnic Attire, and Milin Luoba Ancestor Legend.
