Dive into the extraordinary life of Atiśa (982–1054), a foundational figure in the Kadampa tradition of Tibetan Buddhism and a revered master from ancient India. Known by his birth name “Dawa Ningpo,” which translates to “Moon Essence,” and his formal title “Dipamkarara Srijnāna,” meaning “Auspicious Lamp of Wisdom,” Atiśa’s contributions to Buddhism are unparalleled. Let’s explore the legacy of this spiritual giant, whose teachings have shaped the course of Tibetan Buddhism.
Early Years and Spiritual Journey
Atiśa, hailed from Sahor (modern-day Dhaka, Bangladesh), where his father ruled as king. Embracing his spiritual calling early, Atiśa became a monk at Vajrasana monastery, delving into both exoteric and esoteric Buddhist practices under the guidance of Buddha Wisdom. At 29, he took full monastic vows, later embarking on a profound journey of learning that led him to Sumatra for 12 years, studying under the esteemed master Serlingpa.
Atiśa’s Tibetan Mission
At a time when Tibetan leaders Ye Shes Vod and Jangchub Wo were striving to revive Buddhism, Atiśa was invited to Tibet with an escort carrying gold as a gesture of reverence. Arriving via Nepal in 1042, Atiśa met with Jangchub Wo and, alongside Rinchen Zangpo and the translator Natso, began translating sacred texts at Toling Monastery. His mission continued across Tibet, significantly influencing the revival of Tibetan Buddhism.
Atiśa’s Enduring Legacy
For 17 years, Atiśa dedicated himself to spreading Buddhist teachings across Tibet, leaving behind a prolific body of work comprising 55 treatises on both sutra and tantra, alongside invaluable medical texts. His teachings laid the foundation for the Kadampa tradition, influencing later schools, including the Gelug tradition founded by Tsongkhapa. Atiśa’s profound impact on Tibetan Buddhist thought remains a cornerstone of its spiritual heritage.
The Final Resting Place of a Master
Following Atiśa’s passing, his ashes were interred near Netang Monastery, marked by a stupa and shrine. Although these structures were later destroyed, his ashes are still preserved at Netang. In a poignant tribute to his legacy, parts of his ashes were sent to Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 1978, following a request from the Bangladeshi government, celebrating the return of this spiritual master to his homeland.
Atiśa’s journey from an Indian prince to a pivotal figure in Tibetan Buddhism exemplifies a life dedicated to spiritual enlightenment and the welfare of others. His teachings continue to inspire countless practitioners on their path to awakening, cementing his status as a timeless beacon of wisdom and compassion in the Buddhist world.
